Test Sentences, 73

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Is this the first kitten of the litter?

This sits (as) the litter’s first kitten?

100. ha tɛndɛ moɬkɛdɛ da iddɨse andana dɛmɛ?

ha
II.MTsg
tɛndɛ
tɛndɛ.IMP
moɬkɛdɛ
litter.SSsg
da
PS
iddɨse
kitten.MTsg
andana
first.MTsg
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?

Recap #3

I suppose, now that I have done 99 sentences, I should do a recap. Rather than go through multiple posts on vocabulary, though, I am going to give you a small present: a pdf of the dictionary, in progress…

You might like some of the stuff at the back, too.

Test Sentences, 72

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Will you send this message for me?

This is a straightforward use of tɨŋi with a causative/agentive source and a purposive source.

98. leneya ŋidi dɨdɛn salɨdɛn tɨŋi dɛmɛ?

leneya
1p.SSsg
ŋidi
2p.MTsg
dɨdɛn
this.MTsg
salɨdɛn
message.MTsg
tɨŋi
tɨŋi.IMP

Let’s do another:

  1. Are you waiting for me?

And this is a straightforward re-working of #47 in post #25.

99. leneya ŋidi sɛdɛ susi goɬi dɛmɛ?

leneya
1p.SSsg
ŋidi
2p.MTsg
sɛdɛ
sɛdɛ.IMP
susi
here
goɬi
for some time
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?

Test Sentences, 71

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Will you be ready on time?

Right. Ready. and On time. OK. Readiness is a state I suppose, so “will you be at readiness” will work. On time, though… On time for what? At a specific time? At the time we have previously decided upon? I suppose this could be a time word equivalent of susi (here, there, this place, that place). Something that meant now, then, this time, that time: yanda. So, “Will you be ready then?”

97. ŋidi otni tomot yanda dɛga dɛmɛ?

ŋidi
2p.MTsg
otni
tɨŋi.PRF
tomot
readiness.SSsg
yanda
then
dɛga
FUT
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?

Test Sentences, 70

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Have all the leaves fallen from the tree?

This is straightforward. We could use tattɨŋi “Have all the leaves rained down from the tree”, but I will stick with the more prosaic:

96. mɛdɛ nadɨdi malɨdi otni tadya dɛmɛ?

mɛdɛ
tree.SSsg
nadɨdi
all.MTpl
malɨdi
leaf.MTpl
otni
tɨŋi.PRF
tadya
downwards
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?

Test Sentences, 69

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Is today Monday?

Right. Let’s see. Let’s figure out orbital mechanics. Let’s figure out the periods of my three or four moons. Let’s decide how many moons I have. Let’s figure out a super cool calendar based on the various lunar cycles. Let’s make up names for different parts of the different cycles. Let’s chuck it all and go study for my Latin final instead. Besides, today is Thursday.

OK then. How about Is today {the day of the ceremony} or Is today {her birthday} (not that I am sure I have a word for birthday). Are those equivalent? I hope so.

95. da lonnas tɛndɛ katɛn da lonnas dɛmɛ?

da
this.SSsg
lonnas
day.SSsg
tɛndɛ
tɛndɛ.IMP
katɛn
ceremony.SSsg
da
PS
lonnas
day.SSsg
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?

Test Sentences, 68

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Their voices sound very happy.

Another use of ono for hearing.

94. le sada syodɨdiya ono andabalya no bala.

le
my
sada
ear.MTsg
syodɨdiya
voice.MTpl
ono
ono.IMP
andabalya
happily
no
very
bala
I hear

This could also mean that I am very happy to hear their voices.

Questions?

Test Sentences, 67

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Mr. Jones made a knife for his little boy.

Another use of ɛmɛmɛ for making and building. This sentence also has multiple sources: one a sessile purpose (his little boy) and the other a motile cause (Mr J, hereafter referred to as Mada). I should probably put the motile one closer to the verb.

93. kodava ɨsava Mada ɛstɨdɛn omɛt dɛstɛ.

kodava
boy.SSsg
ɨsava
little.SSg
Mada
Mada.MTsg
ɛstɨdɛn
knife.MTsg
omɛt
ɛmɛmɛ.PRF
dɛstɛ
I’m told

Questions?

Test Sentences, 66

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. At noon we ate our lunch by the roadside.

Hah. Already have a word for noon! And like any one-word time phrase, it can go in the source slot. And by the roadside involves a serial predicate. Since the food is also by the roadside dantɛndɛ tona, this works. Eating, by the way, uses ono.

92. lɨnanda lɛnna kye gogɨdiya tono dantɛndɛ tona.

lɨnanda
noon
lɛnna
1P.MTpl
kye
belly.MT
gogɨdiya
food.MTpl
tono
ono.PRF
dan-
along
tɛndɛ
tɛndɛ.IMP
tona
path.SSsg

Hmm. This could also mean “we ate the food that was by the road.”

Questions?

Test Sentences, 65

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. A robin has built his nest in the apple tree.

Damn birds.

I have been thinking about the concept of building and making, and I think this uses the verb ɛmɛmɛ. ɛmɛmɛ is in many ways the opposite of evi, which means to emit (sometimes explosively), so ɛmɛmɛ is sort of “implode”. Sort of. More like multiple things come together to one thing. So, yeah, building and making fit with that. The structure of an ɛmɛmɛ clause in this context is S A ɛmɛmɛ (L). S is the “robin”, A the nest, and L the apple tree.

91. udle lomɨdɛn omɛt mɛdɛ da gadi dɛstɛ.

udle
lizard.MTsg
lomɨdɛn
nest.MTsg
omɛt
ɛmɛmɛ.PRF
mɛdɛ
tree.SSsg
da
PS
gadi
apple.SSpl
dɛstɛ
I’m told

Questions?