Test Sentences, 83

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. They opened all the doors and windows.

They sent all the doors and windows to open.

113. mavna syudɨdi nadɨdi kotɬɨdinɛn otni okottɨdi dɛstɛ.

mavna
3P.MTpl
syudɨdi
door.MTpl
nadɨdi
all.MTpl
kotɬɨdi
window.MTpl
-nɛn
with
otni
tɨŋi.PRF
okottɨdi
open.MTpl
dɛstɛ
I’m told

Questions?

Test Sentences, 82

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. You and I will go together.

And this is really simple. Togetherness is implied with –nɛn. To say otherwise, you would have to add the adverb liya ‘separately’.

112. ŋidi lenɛn tɨŋi dɛga.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
le
1P.MTsg
-nɛn
with
tɨŋi
tɨŋi.IMP
dɛga
FUT

Questions?

Test Sentences, 81

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. John and Elizabeth are brother and sister.

This is actually fairly straightforward.

111. John Elizabethnɛn sɛdɛ kaɬa tiɬanɛn dɛstɛ.

John
J.MTsg
Elizabeth
E.MTsg
-nɛn
with
sɛdɛ
sɛdɛ.IMP
kaɬa
brother.MTsg
tiɬa
sister.MTsg
-nɛn
with
dɛstɛ
I’m told

Questions?

Test Sentences, 80

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Pip and his dog were great friends.

This paraphrases to Pip and the cat (no dogs!) are inside friends. Now, people sɛdɛ and cats tɛndɛ. Either can be used for a combination. Since friends is also a class I noun, I would use sɛdɛ and elevate the cat to personhood. But then, I am a cat person.

110. Pip idɛlnɛn esɛdɛ syanna dɛstɛ.

Pip
Pip.MTsg
idɛl
cat.MTsg
-nɛn
with
e-
in
sɛdɛ
sɛdɛ.IMP
syanna
friend.MTpl
dɛstɛ
I’m told

Questions?

Test Sentences, 79

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Be careful.
  2. Have some tea.

These are: You go carefully. and A cuppa tea goes to you Q. #109 isn’t really a command or even a polite request. It’s a question.

108. ŋidi tɨŋi mɨdeya ki.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
tɨŋi
tɨŋi.IMP
mɨdeya
carefully
ki
HORT

109. mahɨdɛn tɨŋi ŋideya dɛmɛ.

mahɨdɛn
cup of tea.MTsg
tɨŋi
tɨŋi.IMP
ŋideya
2P.SSsg
dɛmɛ
DUB

And now we are half way to 218!

Questions?

Test Sentences, 78

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Come with us.
  2. Bring your friends with you.

These two have exactly the same structure. Go with us, and go with your friends.

106. ŋidi lɛnnanɛn tɨŋi ki.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
lɛnna
1P.MTpl
-nɛn
with
tɨŋi
tɨŋi.IMP
ki
HORT

107. ŋidi syannanɛn tɨŋi ki.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
syannanɛn
friend.MTpl
tɨŋi
with
ki
tɨŋi.IMP

Questions?

Test Sentences, 77

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Keep this secret until tomorrow.

This needs paraphrased to Don’t say this hidden-thing before tomorrow. And hidden-thing is an example of an adjective without its noun, so therefore a nominalized adjective. And mɛdduso is duso prefixed to allow only one S. Since duso is often used for speech between multiple people, this implies an unspoken someone for you to tell the secret to.

105. ŋidi lamɨdɛn mɛdduso lannal galaba be.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
lamɨdɛn
secret.MTsg
mɛh-
out
duso
duso.IMP
lannal
tomorrow
galaba
before
be
NEG.CMD

Questions?

Test Sentences, 76

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Listen.
  2. Sit here by me.

Right, commands. Commands are marked with an end-of-clause particle ka. There is also be for negative commands, and ki for polite requests. Since this has a period and not an exclamation point, I am going to assume it is a polite request.

“Listen.” translates to “to your ears this comes”.

103. ŋi sada deya ono ki.

ŋi
2P
sada
ear.MTsg
deya
this.MTsg
ono
ono.IMP
ki
HORT

104. ŋidi dantɛndɛ leneya ki.

ŋidi
2P.MTsg
dan-
along
tɛndɛ
tɛndɛ.IMP
leneya
1P.SSsg

Questions?

Test Sentences, 74

Continuing with Gary’s list:

  1. Are these shoes too big for you?

Here we will use a prefixed form of tɛndɛ, namely etɛndɛ, which with an adjective in the location spot means “A is very ADJ”. So: For you, these shoes sit very big?

101. ŋideya dayi kyati etɛndɛ oni dɛmɛ?

ŋideya
2p.SSsg
dayi
III.SSpl
kyati
shoe.SSpl
e-
in
tɛndɛ
tɛndɛ.IMP
oni
big.SSpl
dɛmɛ
DUB

Questions?