antakīwa

antakiiwa

antakīwa

Let’s see. Before being interrupted by a tongue twister, I was talking about writing. So, antakīwa means “made of paper” and is related to the stem –kīw– “skin”. A piece of paper would be jatakīwa.

jīlkena

jiilkena

jīlkena

jīlkena refers a letter of the alphabet. The collective form anīlkeni is thus the word for ‘alphabet’. There is an alphabet rhyme in Kēlen, but it doesn’t quite have all the letters. It does have all the letters of the interlace alphabet, though, so it must be an older rhyme. 🙂 It goes:

ā ē ō
ī iē ū
lā ñē tō
nā kā þō
mū cē sū
pāo wā jē
rā xō hē;

The syllables in the rhyme have become the names of the letters, so where the sentence says jīlkena cē, it means the letter ‘c’ or c.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

He said to him the ideas: the doings of consonants; the pattern of vowels, and also concerning the writing line and that which is beneath it and that above it; the usefulness of dots and end-marks; and the reason [something about the letter ‘c’] …

jōrrisa

joorrisa

jōrrisa

This is the word for a punctuation mark, namely the end-of-sentence marker end. Two of these make an end-of-section or end-of-passage mark.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

He said to him the ideas: the doings of consonants; the pattern of vowels, and also concerning the writing line and that which is beneath it and that above it; the usefulness of dots and end-marks; and the reason …

jasēsa

jaseesa

jasēsa

This is the word for ‘dot’, and in this sentence refers specifically to the dot that occurs under long vowels and doubled sonorants.

Creating this word, I thought I was using an unclaimed stem syllable, but when I checked the dictionary to make sure, I found that the word for ‘kidney’ used the same stem, and I decided that would not do. So I changed the word for ‘kidney’ to use the (probably unrelated) stem –sēss-. This makes the pronunciation of ‘dot’ [ja zeː za] and ‘kidney’ [sa zeË‘s sÄ•]. This led to a tongue twister I will share with you later.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

He said to him the ideas: the doings of consonants; the pattern of vowels, and also concerning the writing line and that which is beneath it and that above it; the usefulness of dots…

anīlke

aniilke

anīlke

This is the word for the attribute written or having to do with writing. The phrase
jāxīsse jīlke then refers to the writing line, the boundary line that runs through the script.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl then is ‘concerning the writing line and that which is beneath it and that above it’.

He said to him the ideas: the doings of consonants; the pattern of vowels, and also concerning the writing line and that which is beneath it and that above it; …

jarūēl

jaruueel

jarūēl

This is the new word for ‘vowel’. In the phonology, I described vowels as a type of jasāorīke. ansāorīki anpōhi are the stops*, ansāorīki ankōrji the fricatives, ansāorīki antāni the sonorants, and ansāorīki anūrāni the vowels. While ansāorīki anūrāni is still one way to refer to vowels, the more common term is anrūēli for the set of vowels.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

So, the next ien phrase jaxūna ānen anrūēli is ‘pattern of vowels’. I should note that I am using ānen here as an instrumentative preposition. So, the pattern used by or made by vowels might be more accurate.

He said to him the ideas: the doings of consonants; the pattern of vowels, …

* While s is actually a fricative, it is classed with the stops, probably because it used to be an affricate ts.

jasāorīke

jasaaoriike

jasāorīke

This is the word for consonant. I used this word ages ago as a word for phoneme when describing Kēlen Phonology and Orthography. In the sentence, it is in the collective, denoting the whole set of consonants in the language.

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

Regarding the sentence, temme is se in the past tense with a 3rd person singular source and a 3rd person singular beneficiary, or: He said to him; and jaþēλi is idea or thought. It has an ‘and’ (ē) before it, to coordinate with the ‘and’ (ē) before jatatēn later in the sentence. It’s in the plural because it is renamed multiple times. ien renames jaþēλa three times in the sentence. The first ien phrase is jakā ānen ansāorīki, the deeds or usage of consonants.

jatatēn

jatateen

jatatēn

This word refers to a reason or explanation. I am going to blog a few grammatical terms for the next week, and the reason I am doing so is this wonderful sentence I found in Lord Dunsany’s The Charwoman’s Shadow:

“He taught the use of consonants, the reason of vowels, the way of the downstrokes and the up; the time for capital letters, commas, and colons; and why the ‘j’ is dotted, with many another mystery.”

I turned this into a translation challenge on the conlang list. It’s not an easy one, since part of the challenge is to adapt it the particulars of the conlang’s writing system. My translation ended up being:

temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;

and I will discuss the parts of it over the next week.